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Treasury Management Policy

Section
Academic
To be read in conjunction with

The relevant Otago Polytechnic policies, procedures and guidelines and the New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology (NZIST) policies, procedures and guidelines as per the Otago Polytechnic Transitioning (Grandparenting) From NZIST Policy. 

Approval Date
18 December 2026
Next Review
18 December 2026
Responsibility
Chief Financial Officer (CFO) or equivalent
1. Definitions
  • Borrowing: Any financing outside of routine arrangements with vendors, and credit card facilities. Includes draw-down facilities, and credit facilities with a maturity of greater than 30 days.
  • Core Debt: The amount of drawn debt not expected to be repaid within the next 12 months. Does not include day-to-day debt Otago Polytechnic incurs in the normal course of business such as credit-lines from suppliers.
  • Counterparty Credit Risk: The risk of losses (realised or unrealised) arising from a counterparty defaulting on a financial instrument where Otago Polytechnic is a party.
  • Derivative: A financial instrument whose value can be derived from an independent market.
  • Financial Instrument: Any contract that both creates a financial asset in one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument in another. Includes cash deposits, lease arrangements, and derivative instruments.
  • Fixed Rate Interest: An interest rate re-pricing date beyond 12 months forward on a continuous rolling basis.
  • Floating Rate: An interest rate re-pricing within 12 months.
  • Foreign Exchange Risk: The risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in foreign exchange rate.
  • Interest Rate Risk: The risk that the cash flows from a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. This affects cost of borrowing (increasing interest rates) and the return on its investments (decreasing interest rates).
  • Liquidity Risk: The risk of not being able to raise sufficient funds to meet financial obligations as they fall due.
  • . Operational Risk: The risk of loss because of human error or fraud, system failures and inadequate procedures and controls.
  • Otago Polytechnic Council or Council: The governing body of Otago Polytechnic.
  • Treasury Management Policy or Policy means this policy.
  • Treasury Management: The process of overseeing Otago Polytechnic’s financial resources to ensure liquidity and support Otago Polytechnic’s strategic objectives. It includes all treasury activities and risks.
2. Purpose

2.1 The Treasury Management Policy provides a framework within which Otago Polytechnic can effectively manage its financial resources and minimise risk arising from treasury activities, and ensure investment and borrowing are made in accordance with legislation.

3. Scope

3.1. This Policy applies to all Otago Polytechnic staff (kaimahi) and Council members and encompasses the treasury activities of Otago Polytechnic.

3.2. This Policy does not apply to endowment funds held in trust for the benefit of Otago Polytechnic.

4. Objective

4.1. Otago Polytechnic’s Treasury Management in relation to its treasury activity is a risk management function focused on:

4.1.1. Maintaining adequate liquidity to meet its financial obligations as they fall due.

4.1.2. Acting in a financially responsible manner that ensures efficient use of resources and maintains Otago Polytechnic’s long-term viability.

4.1.3. Targeting and maintaining financial metrics/ratios as set by the Tertiary Education Commission (TEC).

4.2. A core principle of this Policy is to minimise risk to Otago Polytechnic arising from its treasury activities and in accordance with the Public Finance Act 1989.

4.3. Activity that may be construed as speculative in nature is expressly forbiddeN.

5. Legislation

5.1. Otago Polytechnic, and this Policy, must comply with all relevant legislation including:

  • Crown Entities Act 2004
  • Education and Training Act 2020
  • Public Finance Act 1989

5.2. Key provisions from the above Acts are included at Appendix A.

6. Policy Amendment

6.1. The Policy Owner may make minor amendments to the Policy and is expected to keep the policy up to date with internal role changes and legislation.

6.2. The Otago Polytechnic Council is responsible for approving the Policy and any more-than-minor amendments (such as banking limits and approach to foreign currency management).

7. Policy Review

7.1. To ensure that this Policy reflects best treasury practice and continues to provide Otago Polytechnic effective risk management parameters, the Policy Owner will review this Policy annually, including against the following criteria:

7.1.1. Best practices within the tertiary education sector ascertained through review of other tertiary education institution practices in New Zealand.

7.1.2. The risk bearing ability and tolerance levels of the underlying revenue and cost drivers, and statutory stakeholder requirements.

7.1.3. The effectiveness and efficiency of the Policy and Treasury Management to recognise, measure, control, manage and report on Otago Polytechnic’s financial exposure to market interest and foreign exchange rate risks, funding risk, liquidity, treasury investment risks, counterparty credit risks and other associated risks.

7.1.4. The operation of a proactive Treasury Management function in an environment of control and compliance.

7.1.5. The robustness of the Policy’s risk control limits and risk spreading mechanisms against normal and abnormal financial market movements and conditions.

7.1.6. Consistency in achieving Otago Polytechnic’s strategic objectives and financial plans/budgets.

7.2. The Council will review this Policy at least every three years.

8. Treasury Management Responsibilities

8.1. Otago Polytechnic will:

8.1.1. Maintain appropriate liquidity levels and manage cash flows within Otago Polytechnic to meet known and reasonable foreseen funding requirements.

8.1..2. Manage investments to optimise returns in the medium term whilst balancing risk and return considerations including likely volatility risks.

8.1.3. Minimise costs and risks in the management of its borrowing.

8.1.4. Monitor, ensure compliance, and report on borrowing financial covenants and ratios under the obligations of lending arrangements, and TEC requirements.

8.1..5. Minimise exposure to adverse wholesale interest rate movements.

8.1.6. Proactively manage interest rate risks.

8.1.7. Arrange and structure long-term funding at the lowest achievable interest margin from debt lenders.

8.1..8. Optimise flexibility and spread of debt maturity.

8.1..9. Monitor, evaluate and report on treasury compliance and performance in an accurate and timely manner to the Chief Executive, Finance, Risk and Audit Committee and/or the Council as appropriate.

8.1.10. Minimise exposure to counterparty credit risk by dealing with and investing in creditworthy counterparties.

8.1.11. Ensure that all statutory requirements of a financial nature are adhered to.

8.1.12. Ensure adequate internal controls exist to protect Otago Polytechnic’s financial assets and prevent unauthorised transactions.

8.1..13. Undertake financial management activity to ensure Otago Polytechnic achieves its long-term financial strategy and plans.

8.1..14. Effectively manage treasury activities within the approved delegations and responsibilities.

8.1..15. Monitor and manage interest rate, foreign exchange, and counterparty credit risks within approved risk control limits.

8.1.16. Minimise operational risk by maintaining appropriate internal controls, systems and staffing competencies.

8.1.17. Invest, borrow and transact risk management instruments within an environment of control and compliance.

8.1.18.Develop and maintain good working relationships with bank counterparties, TEC and the Ministry of Education.

8.2. The respective roles and responsibilities of Otago Polytechnic Treasury Management are set out in Appendix B.

9. Delegated Authorities

9.1. Delegated authority limits are specified in Appendix C.

9.2. All delegated authorities and signatories must be reviewed at least annually to ensure that they are still appropriate and current.

9.3. Bank counterparties must be advised at least annually of any changes to relevant delegated authorities empowered to bind Otago Polytechnic.

9.4. Whenever a person with delegated authority on any account or facility leaves Otago Polytechnic, all relevant banks and other counterparties must be advised in writing in a timely manner to ensure that no unauthorised instructions are to be accepted from such persons.

10. Borrowing

10.1 Approved borrowing instruments are set out in Appendix D.

10.2. All facilities and borrowing limits must be approved by the Otago Polytechnic Council as part of the annual budgeting process or by resolution of Council before the borrowing is implemented.

10.3. The Council approved borrowing amount forms the threshold limit of borrowings. Drawdown amounts must be in line with delegated authority limits. The exact timing and amount of drawdowns are at the discretion of management.

10.4. All legal documentation in respect to borrowing, investment and financial instruments will be approved by Otago Polytechnic’s solicitors prior to execution.

10.5. Otago Polytechnic will not enter into any borrowings denominated in a foreign currency.

10.6. Otago Polytechnic will comply with TEC, statutory and banking covenant requirements for borrowing.

10.7. TEC consent is required where thresholds are exceeded. Borrowing must comply with TEC debt and debt‑servicing ratios.

11. Debt Management

11.1. Borrowing Objectives: Otago Polytechnic’s borrowing objectives, while complying with lenders financial ratios and limits, are to balance:

11.1.1. Providing ongoing liquidity and funding support to enable Otago Polytechnic to achieve its education objectives and financial strategy, including capital projects;

11.1.2. Minimising costs and risks in the management of borrowing;

11.1.3. Arranging and structuring long-term borrowing at the lowest achievable interest margins and fees;

11.1.4. Optimising flexibility and spread of debt maturities;

11.1.5. Minimising funding risk

11.2.  Liquidity/funding risk: Funding gaps or deficits in various future periods identified in debt forecasts are reliant on the maturity structure of cash, treasury investments and committed bank loans/facilities. Liquidity risk management focuses on the ability to access cash, treasury investments, and committed bank funding at that future time to fund the gaps. A liquidity buffer amount is also maintained to manage any unforeseen or unknown requirements. Control limits are as follows:

11.2.1. Sufficient liquid funds (cash and cash equivalents) and/or undrawn committed borrowing facilities are available to meet the next three months of forecasted operating expenses. Approved cash/treasury investments are set out in Appendix D.

11.2.2. Funds from related parties should not be included within the liquidity measure unless formal documentation of a committed debt facility/loan is executed between the parties.

11.2.3. The maturity profile of the total committed funding in respect to all external borrowing, bank loans, term debt and committed bank facilities, is to be controlled as set out in Appendix E.

11.2.4. The amount and expiry date of all bank loans, committed bank facilities and term debt will not exceed the maximum amount and term of the relevant consent to borrow or Ministerial Determination of Exempt Borrowing (whichever is applicable).

11.2.5. The maximum borrowing term is 10-years unless specifically resolved by Council.

11.2.6. A maturity schedule outside the limits set in this Policy require specific Council approval.

11.3. Financial arrangements: Financial arrangements between Otago Polytechnic and a third party, including hire purchase and any leasing transactions, may not be entered unless approved by the CFO.

11.4. Borrowing ratios and limits:

11.4.1. Borrowing will be managed within the financial ratios and limits required by bank lenders and the TEC. Existing financial ratios and limits are outlined in Appendix H.

11.4.2. Where these limits are likely to be exceeded, notification to Council, TEC and bank lenders is required.

11.5. Security arrangements:

11.5.1. Subject to clause 5.3 Otago Polytechnic generally offers an unsecured/ negative pledge security arrangement for all its borrowing, interest-rate and foreign exchange risk management activities.

11.5.2. Financial covenants may include ratios related to gearing and interest coverage.

11.5.3. Otago Polytechnic does not offer security by way of a charge over land and buildings. Physical assets may be secured where:

11.5.3.1. There is a direct relationship between the borrowing and the purchase or construction of the asset, which it funds, and

11.5.3.2. Otago Polytechnic considers a charge over physical assets to be appropriate, and

11.5.3.3. Any pledging of physical assets must comply with all Treasury Management Policy, statutory and regulatory requirements, and

11.5.3.4. Bank lending may dictate a maximum percentage of specific assets (as a percentage of total assets) that specific security may be given, and

11.5.3.2. Approved by Council.

12. Investment Management

12.

12.1. Section 305(4) of the Education and Training Act 2020 provides that Otago Polytechnic’s authority to invest is governed by section 65I of the Public Finance Act 1989.

12.2. Section 65I (1) of the Public Finance Act 1989 permits the investment of any money held in a bank account

12.2.1 On deposit with a bank (whether in New Zealand or elsewhere) approved by the Minister for the purpose; or

12,2,2, in public securities; or

12.2.3. in any other securities that the Minister of Education may approve for the purpose.

12.3. Public securities are defined under Section 2 of the Public Finance Act and includes any loan or credit agreement, guarantee, indemnity, bond, note, debenture, bill of exchange, Treasury bill, Government stock and any other security representing part of the public debt of New Zealand.

12.4. Section 65I (2) of the Public Finance Act 1989 allows Otago Polytechnic to:

12.4.1. Invest money for any period and on any terms and conditions that it thinks fit; and

12.4.2. Sell, or convert into money, any of its securities.

12.5. Investing in any other term investments and investments in shares, derivatives, gold, silver or any other commodities require the advance approval of the Minister of Finance.

13. Risk Management:

This clause identifies risks relating to the treasury function, the policy limits, and how the risk is be managed, to enable management to manage risk within a defined set of parameters.

13.1. Interest  Rate Risk

13.1.1. The primary objective of interest rate risk management is to reduce uncertainty relating to interest rate movements through fixing of borrowing costs. Certainty around borrowing costs is achieved through the active management of underlying interest rate exposures.

13.1.2. Interest Rate Risk where 12-month forecast Core Debt exceeds $10 million is to be managed as set out in Appendix F.

13.2. Foreign Exchange Risk

13.2.1. Otago Polytechnic is exposed to Foreign Exchange Risk mainly through the purchase of educational materials from abroad.

13.2.2. Exposure to Foreign Exchange Risk is to be mitigated using hedging as outlined in Appendix G.

13.2.3. Approved foreign exchange instruments are listed in Appendix D.

13.3. Counterparty Credit Risk

13.3.1. Credit risk to Otago Polytechnic in a default event will be evaluated differently depending on the type of instrument entered into as different exposure types have different risk profiles.

13.3.2. Treasury related transactions are only entered into with organisations specifically approved by the Otago Polytechnic Council and listed in Appendix E. Credit ratings must be monitored and reported to Council.

13.4. Operational risk: will be minimised through the adoption of:

13.4.1. Segregation of duties

13.4.1.1. Duties within the treasury function must be segregated to ensure that no one individual can carry out key functions independently and without scrutiny. No single person is to deal/make/transact, authorise and confirm a treasury transaction. This requirement must be reflected in the design of key processes.

13.4.1.2. There must be a documented approval process for cash management, borrowing, treasury investment and interest/foreign exchange rate activity.

13.4.1.3. Any treasury irregularities are reported directly to the CFO.

13.4.1.4. The Finance Team must report immediately to the CFO if Policy limits are breached. Where the irregularity relates to a CFO approved transaction, report must be made to the CE directly.

13.4.2. Dealing Authorities and Limits: Transactions will only be executed by those persons and within limits approved by the Council.

13.4.3. Procedural Controls: Detailed treasury procedures and organisational controls must be captured in a separate Treasury Procedures Manual, including regular management reporting and risk assessment.

13.5. Legal Risk

13.5.1. Legal and regulatory risks relate to the unenforceability of a transaction due to an organisation not having the legal capacity or power to enter a transaction usually because of prohibitions in legislation.

13.5.2. Otago Polytechnic may be exposed to such risks, in the event that they are unable to enforce its rights due to deficient or inaccurate documentation.

13.5.3. Otago Polytechnic will seek to minimise this risk by:

13.5.3.1. Ensuring all Otago Polytechnic authorities in regard to treasury transactions are approved as required by legislation.

13.5.3.2. The use of standard dealing and settlement instructions (including bank accounts, authorised persons, standard deal confirmations, contacts for disputed transactions) to be sent to counterparties.

13.5.3.3. The matching of third-party confirmations and the immediate follow-up of anomalies.

13.5.3..4. The use of expert advice.

14. Banking and Cash Management

14.1. The Finance Team is responsible for carrying out day-to-day cash management activities.

14.2. All cash inflows and outflows must pass through bank accounts controlled by the Finance Team.

14.3. Bank accounts may only be opened jointly by the CE and CFO.

14.4. The Finance Team will calculate and maintain rolling cash flow forecasts. These cash flow forecasts determine Otago Polytechnics’ borrowing requirements and surpluses for investment. Forecasts are linked to approved financial budgets and plans where relevant.

15. Reporting and Performance Measurement

15.1. Treasury reporting must include the following:

15.1.1. Risk exposure position: Otago Polytechnics’ current risk position and profile for all the financial market variables it is exposed to. The positions include underlying exposures, hedges in place and the actual net risk position against approved policy control limits.

15.1.2. Risk management performance: Actual performance achieved against agreed benchmark rates.

15.1.3. Counterparty risk position.

15.1.4. Policy compliance: Reports that confirm conformity to Policy risk control limits and report non-compliance of Policy by exception to the Council.2.    

15.2. Specific reporting requirements are listed in Appendix I.

Approved

John Gallaher (Chairperson) 

Otago Polytechnic Council 

Date 18/12/2025